Econ. 359: Industrial Organization

Pure Competition vs. Monopolistic Competition
Identifying Characteristics

Pure competition
Monopolistic competition
Producers unknown to buyer Producers "brand" products
Products identical Products distinctive, or "differentiated"
Buyers all pay the same price Buyers may pay different prices
Firms ignore each others' prices and products Firms watch each others' prices and products
Industry establishes quality standards Firms claim differences in quality
Advertising to promote product or industry Advertising to promote individual brand
Advertising paid by industry groups Advertising paid by individual firms
Firm strategy: produce strandard product at lowest cost Firm strategy: get an edge over rivals,  find market niche
Firms aim to sell as much as they can until MC = P Firms care about market share as well as price


Competition vs. Oligopoly
Identifying Characteristics
Competition
Oligopoly
New firms enter market easily and often Entry difficult; few new firms entered recently
Most firms just earn cost of capital Most firms make excess or "economic" profits